Obesity is closely related to the gut microbiota. The active gut microbiota will produce a large number of physiologically active substances, including short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, and health-beneficial products such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant products, along with potentially harmful products such as neurotoxins, carcinogens, and immunotoxins. These products can enter the blood, directly regulate the expression of genes, and affect human immune and metabolic processes. Therefore, a healthy gut microbiota is essential for maintaining the body’s metabolism and energy balance. An imbalance in the gut microbiota can cause metabolic disorders and increase central appetite, leading to obesity.
Main Results
It is suggested that an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio at the phylum level is an important feature of the gut microbiota in obesity. The family Christensenellaceae and the genera Methanobacteriales, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, and Akkermansia are usually considered as probiotics, and their relative abundance is often inversely associated with obesity. Gut microbiota regulates obesity by regulating energy absorption, central appetite, fat storage, chronic inflammation, and circadian rhythms. The effects of genetic and environmental factors on gut microbiota in obesity are being discussed.
CONCLUSION
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been shown to be closely linked to obesity. Many gut microorganisms have been identified to be related to obesity. They induce the occurrence and development of obesity by increasing host energy absorption, increasing central appetite, enhancing fat storage, contributing to chronic inflammation, and regulating circadian rhythms. Due to the complexity and diversity of the gut microbiota, the mechanism by which the gut microbiota induces obesity still needs to be further studied. Obesity is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Data analysis based on larger samples to clarify the mechanism of the association between the gut microbiota and obesity, functional group studies of ecological significance to identify potential pathogenic members of the gut microbiota associated with obesity, and specific microbiota management for obese individuals will be the focus of future research.
prepared by: Laleh Hoveyda
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