Carbohydrates that escape digestion in the stomach are passed intact to the small and large intestines where the gut microbiota ferments them into SCFAs. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the primary SCFAs produced in the gut. Approximately 80–۹۰% of SCFAs produced in the colon are used by the body, with the rest excreted in feces.
Are non-absorbed carbohydrate polymers that stimulate the growth and metabolic activity of beneficial bacteria that are part of the intestinal microflora, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus sp.. Scientific studies have proved health benefits of prebiotics benefit.
More than 10,000 polyphenol compounds have been identified in various plants, such as fruits (grapes, apple, pear, cherries and berries), vegetables, dark chocolate, cereals and beverages (coffee, tea, cocoa, and wine).
Refers to all vitamins and trace elements known to be essential constituents of the diet that are required to maintain fundamental metabolic functions
This is the name given to the community of microorganisms inhabiting the length and breadth of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific. Each individual’s gut microbiota can undergo endogenous and exogenous alterations. It is sometimes called human flora, microflora or gut flora. These terms, however, are less used by scientists as it leads to the incorrect idea that tiny plants colonise us, while the microorganisms making up our microbiota are actually different kinds of microbes.
Also called dysbacteriosis, it exists when there is an imbalance (reduced abundance or change disruption) in the microbiota. This is most common in the digestive tract, but it can happen in any exposed surface or mucous membrane. Dysbiosis leads to a wide range of digestive disturbances including bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and stomach cramps. Various environmental factors, such as diet, toxins, antibiotic, and pathogens, can influence the delicate microbial balance and thus, lead to dysbiosis.
همچنین دیس باکتریوز نیز نامیده می شود، به شرایط عدم تعادل میکروبیوتا (تغییر فراوانی یا تعداد) اطلاق می شود که بیشتر در دستگاه گوارش دیده می شود، اما ممکن است هر سطح دارای غشای مخاطی را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار دهد و منجر به طیف وسیعی از اختلالات گوارشی از جمله نفخ، اسهال، یبوست و درد معده می شود. عوامل محیطی متعددی مانند رژیم غذایی، سموم، آنتی بیوتیک ها و عوامل بیماری زا می توانند این تعادل میکروبی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهند و منجر به بروز آن شوند.
